Gender Stress free essay sample

The data did not reveal any significant statistical differences between sources of stress for male and female officers. The findings did however reflect significant statistical differences in the coping strategies and self-reporting of physical Illnesses between male and female officers. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] Full Text Headphone Abstract This mixed-method research surveyed 271 officers in Florida to examine if a deference exists in critical life events (sources of stress) experienced by law enforcement officers. Descriptive statistics, t-test, chi-square, NOVA andCockroachs Alpha were used to analyze the data. The data did not reveal any significant statistical differences between sources of stress for male and female officers. The findings did however reflect significant statistical differences in the coping strategies and self-reporting of physical illnesses between male and female officers. Key Words: Stress, Gender, coping strategies, Law enforcement officers. Introduction Police work is a highly stressful occupation, and police officers are frequently exposed to stresses that are unique to their Jobs. We will write a custom essay sample on Gender Stress or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Their role of protecting he public, for Instance, makes It possible to anticipate both positive and negative been empirically linked to the physiological and psychological illness of officers and to the decreased quality and quantity of police service. Moreover, the law enforcement culture plays a direct role in the causation of traumatic stress reactions, and organization factors are particularly relevant when dealing with duty related psychological trauma (Renee et al. , p. 7). Over the years, policing has been characterized as appropriate only for males and inconsistent with socially acceptable female activities (Lindsay et al. 002). With the increasing number of women Joining the profession, issues regarding the impact of the Job, its stresses, and the effect of a male dominated subculture on women have come to the fore. Historically, research into police stress is most often descriptive or anecdotal. To adequately understand, predict, and control stress among the law enforcement officers, particularly among female officers, more empirical study is necessary. To this end, this mixed-method research surveyed 271 officers in Florida to examine if a difference exists in critical life events (sources of stress) experienced y law enforcement officers.The instrument used was a modified version of Swells Law Enforcement Critical Life Events Scale (LESS) survey. The LESS is a 144-item instrument that examines police stress based on individual events (Swell, 1983). The sample for this study was drawn from a population of 734 municipal, county, and state law enforcement officers in the Tampa Bay, Florida, area each of whom had a minimum of 5 years of active law enforcement experience. Officers were administered a Liker-type attitudinal scale to rate their perceived stress on a scale of O to 5, or none to very high.Agency Profile Respondents were drawn from five agencies within the Tampa Ba y each of which was accredited by either the Commission on Accreditation Law Enforcement Agencies at the national level or the Florida Commission Law Enforcement Accreditation (or both). On The successful accomplishment, the accreditation process ensures that these agencies comply with a set of law enforcement standards meeting all the professionally recognized criteria. Site 1: Florida Highway Patrol The Florida Highway Patrol is Florists largest traffic law agency.In March 2002, the Florida Highway Patrol had over 1,770 troopers (sworn law enforcement officers) and 500 non sworn staff. At the time of study, Troop F of Florida Highway Patrol, located in the Tampa Bay area, was commanded by a female major in charge of charged with managing the operations in the nine counties comprising the troops geographic district. Troop F is posed of 96 male and 16 female troopers. Twelve of the females met the minimum 5-year requirement (FOP, personal e-mail, November 14, 2005).Site 2: Alkaline Police Department The city of Alkaline covers approximately 70. 5 square miles with a population of over 90,000 permanent residents. In November 2005, the LIP authorized to have 234 law enforcement officers, although, at that time, it had only 221 officer positions filled: 193 males and 28 females (LIP, personal e- mail, January 3, 2006). There were 54 sworn supervisory personnel. The LIP command leadership included one chief of police and three assistant police chiefs (one of whom was a female).The total number of females that had a minimum of 5 years of active law enforcement experience was not available. Site 3: Sarasota County Sheriffs Office Sarasota County covers approximately 620 81,000 seasonal residents, and over 1. Million tourists and visitors per year. Sarasota County Sheriffs Office has 280 male deputies and 44 female deputies. Site 4: Tampa Police Department Tampa is the largest city in Hillsboro County and it is the third most populous city in Florida. The city is 116. 1 square miles with a population of over 333,000 permanent residents.As of November 29, 2005, there were approximately 980 sworn officers, of which 110 females had a minimum of 5 years of active law enforcement experience. Two of the three assistant chiefs of police are females. Site 5: Hillsboro County Sheriffs Office Hillsboro County covers over 1 ,OHO square miles, approximately 900 square miles of which comprise unincorporated Hillsboro County. The county has a population of over 1. 1 million permanent residents, of whom 759,000 are in the unincorporated Hillsboro County area.Seasonal residents range from approximately 20,000 in midsummer to 60,000 in the winter months. The county has approximately 17 million tourists and visitors per year. Hillsboro County Sheriffs Office is the 10th largest suburban law enforcement agency, by personnel, in the nation. The agency has 103 male and 14 female supervisors and 767 male and 159 female deputies, of which 155 f the females have 5 or more years of active law enforcement experience. Demographic Profile Of the 271 respondents to the survey, 148 (55%) were male and 123 (45%) were female. The sample in this study was more heavily female oriented than the gender composition of other law enforcement agencies with 100 or more sworn law enforcement officers, but it provided a better comparison of stresses based on gender. The summary data for 2000 for state and local law enforcement agencies with 100 or more officers indicate that female officers comprise 12% of county police, 14% of municipal police, 14% of sheriff agencies and 6% of primary Tate law enforcement (Reeves Hickman, 2004).

Stop Stealing Songs essays

Stop Stealing Songs essays Have you dreamed that you could get your favorite artist fs songs such as Eric Clapton, Rolling Stones, and Beatles without any payment? The dream has come true: Napster, an online music sharing soft. It enables its users to download music files through the Internet, which means that as long as one music lover has a computer and connection to the Internet, the music lover can get popular songs, classical music, and even national anthems. One CD costs about fifteen dollars, but Napster does not require its users to pay because the users are just borrowing and lending their music files with each other. This is just like a dream. I do not even know how much money I have spent to listen to my favorite musicians. The dream, Napster, has attracted over eighty millions of music fans all over the world since it was made in 1999, according to USA Today. Unfortunately it has also caught music companies f attention and Napster was sued. The battle between the music companies and Napster, which pretends to be a messiah for music fans who complain about CD prices or just want songs free, were likely to be the lose of Napster and, in fact, it was. The Supreme Court ordered Napster to limit its service and the limitation of the service has been performed; however, this is not enough. Napster should completely stop its service because it is, in reality, violating the copyrights, users are not paying artists, and it can spoil the future of online music and movies distribution. Napster is certainly violating the copyrights. An excuse that is often generated by the music stealing users is that they do not distribute music files that they have, but they just borrow and lend the files among the users, so they are not violating the copyrights. Even though personal music trading, which has been frequently done among music consumers since the invention of tapes and CD fs, may not offend against the law and, as a result, the users may not be violat...

Project management ip 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Project management ip 4 - Essay Example Every project should be easily accessible, this is because investors are very busy people. Therefore, they may not want to waste a lot of time. In connection to this, it is advisable that before a company decides they best place to locate a project, they have to make sure that it can easily be accessible (Van de Vaar, 2012). For any kind of project to begin, all the materials should be available and they cost known. This is because investors like knowing a rough estimate of the project. In connection to this, it is necessary that before the meeting all the estimated costs of the materials should have been known (Alonso, 2009). Some projects needs a lot of money for them to be completed. In regards to this, it is not easy estimating how much a project will cost. However, it is recommended that the project team should be able to put a rough estimate of the project. Since the meeting is coming earlier than planned, the project team members can look at some of the projects which are similar to the one they are intending to put up so as to have a rough estimate of the project (Brent, 2012). One of the factors that leads to successful completion of a project is human resource. The project team should ensure that they have identified various personnel who will work on the project. This is because the senior executives would like to know whether the project will be finished on time or not (Alonso, 2009). In opportunity analysis, the total cost of the project is a very important factor to be given priority over the rest of the other factors. As a result, much of the resources should diverted towards knowing how much the project will cost. While, the resources allocated for identifying the location of the project can be minimized (Brent, 2012). Allocating more resources towards estimating the cost of the project will affect many things. For example,